The Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution are classified into six categories:
- Right to Equality: This includes Article 14 which provides for equality before law and equal protection of law to all citizens of India, Article 15 which prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, and place of birth, and Article 16 which provides for equality of opportunity in matters of public employment.
- Right to Freedom: This includes Article 19 which provides for the right to freedom of speech and expression, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession, and Article 21 which provides for the right to life and personal liberty.
- Right against Exploitation: This includes Article 23 which prohibits trafficking in human beings, forced labor, and employment of children in hazardous work, and Article 24 which prohibits the employment of children below the age of 14 years in factories, mines, and other hazardous occupations.
- Right to Freedom of Religion: This includes Article 25 which provides for freedom of conscience and the right to profess, practice, and propagate any religion of one’s choice, Article 26 which provides for the right to establish and maintain religious institutions, and Article 27 which prohibits the imposition of any religious tax for the promotion of any particular religion.
- Cultural and Educational Rights: This includes Article 29 which provides for the right to conserve the language, script, and culture of one’s choice, and Article 30 which provides for the right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
- Right to Constitutional Remedies: This includes Article 32 which provides for the right to move the Supreme Court or High Courts for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights, and Article 226 which provides for the power of High Courts to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.
These Fundamental Rights are essential for the development of the individual and the nation as a whole, and they ensure that all citizens of India have certain basic rights and freedoms that cannot be taken away by the state.
