In times of emergency, the President can declare a national emergency or a state emergency. The President can also proclaim a financial emergency if the financial stability or credit of India is threatened.
The Constitution of India provides for three types of emergencies:
- National Emergency: Under Article 352 of the Constitution, the President can proclaim a national emergency if he is satisfied that the security of India or any part of it is threatened by war or external aggression or armed rebellion.
- State Emergency: Under Article 356 of the Constitution, the President can impose President’s rule on a state if he is satisfied that the government of the state cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution.
- Financial Emergency: Under Article 360 of the Constitution, the President can proclaim a financial emergency if he is satisfied that the financial stability or credit of India is threatened.
