The relationship between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution is complementary and not contradictory. The Fundamental Rights (Part III) and Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV) together provide a balanced approach to governance and ensure the protection and promotion of the welfare of the citizens of India.
The Fundamental Rights provide for the protection of individual liberties and freedoms and are justiciable in the court of law. The Directive Principles of State Policy, on the other hand, provide for the socio-economic and political welfare of the society and are not enforceable by the courts.
However, the Supreme Court of India has held that the Directive Principles of State Policy are fundamental in the governance of the country and must be considered while interpreting laws and adjudicating disputes. The court has also held that the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy are complementary and must be harmoniously interpreted to achieve the larger objective of a welfare state.
The Directive Principles of State Policy guide the State in making policies and laws that promote social justice, reduce economic inequality, and improve the quality of life of all citizens, especially those belonging to socially and economically weaker sections. The Fundamental Rights ensure that the State does not violate the basic human rights of its citizens while carrying out its functions.
In summary, the Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy in the Indian Constitution are two sides of the same coin, and both are equally important in achieving the larger objective of a just and equitable society.
